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Phylogeny of selected genera of geckos in the Mediterranean and adjacent regions
Červenka, Jan
Phylogeny of selected genera of geckos in the Mediterranean and adjacent regions Jan Červenka Ph.D. thesis Abstract This Ph.D. thesis is composed of three published articles and one manuscript, and is focused on the phylogenetic relationships of selected species of geckos from the Mediterranean and surrounding areas. The group of geckos of interest shares the common characteristic of an absence of adhesive lamellas on their toes. Historically, it was assumed that these species were closely related. Molecular-phylogenetic approaches were used in order to reveal the phylogenetic relationships within this group, especially using the sequential data from mitochondrial genes. Morphological characteristics commonly used in lizards were studied in connection with the ecology of the group. This thesis provides the first more detailed view of the phylogeny of the studied species. The results show that the genus Cyrtopodion, previously considered as monophyletic, in fact is not monophyletic as the genera Bunopus and Agamura represent its inner groups. Mediodactylus, the subgenus of Cyrtopodion, forms monophylum but is not closely related to the other members of the genus and so was reclassified as the independent genus. The enigmatic and yet so far very poorly studied genus Carinatogecko was discovered to be the...
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Revision of Juncaceae and Cyperaceae phylogeny based on cpDNA and nDNA
BROŽOVÁ, Viktorie
The phylogeny of Juncaceae and Cyperaceae is still not fully understood. The morphology of this group is intricate and without clear homology, and molecular relationships are mostly studied on smaller parts of this large group of Monocots. Proper study is therefore needed. To obtain the most objective view on the phylogeny of these two families, we gathered data on 1174 taxa of rbcL, trnL-trnF, and ITS and analysed them by maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference. Markers of cpDNA appeared much more useful than nDNA (ITS) due to the high rate of mutations in ITS which led to homoplasy and unsure alignment. By considering taxonomical impact of our study, the monophyly of the families and main inner topology of Juncaceae and several tribes of Cyperaceae (Abildgaardieae, Bisboeckelereae, Cariceae, Cypereae, Cryptangieae, Eleocharideae, Rhynchosporeae, Sclerieae, and Trilepideae) were confirmed; some changes in taxonomy were suggested (uniting of Chrysitricheae and Hypolytreae; division of Fuireneae; uniting of Cariceae, Dulicheae, Scirpeae, and Khaosokia caricoides into one tribe, or division of Scirpeae; and separation of Cladieae); changes in the classification of certain taxa were also suggested (the transfer of Distichia, Marsippospermim, Oxychloë, Patosia, and Rostkovia into Juncus, or division of Juncus into more genera; the transfer of Nemum spadiceum into Bulbostylis; Schoenoplectus corymbosus, S. gemmifer, S. hondoensis, and S. multisetus into the genus Schoenoplectiella; and Oreobolopsis into Trichophorum); and the identification of some taxa which possess special combinations of molecular and morphological features and should be studied further was made (Juncus capitatus, J. dregeanus, Bulbostylis juncoides, Crosslandia setifolia, Schoenoplectus litoralis, S. americanus, Cyperus iria, and Amphiscirpus nevadensis).
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Phylogeny of selected genera of geckos in the Mediterranean and adjacent regions
Červenka, Jan
Phylogeny of selected genera of geckos in the Mediterranean and adjacent regions Jan Červenka Ph.D. thesis Abstract This Ph.D. thesis is composed of three published articles and one manuscript, and is focused on the phylogenetic relationships of selected species of geckos from the Mediterranean and surrounding areas. The group of geckos of interest shares the common characteristic of an absence of adhesive lamellas on their toes. Historically, it was assumed that these species were closely related. Molecular-phylogenetic approaches were used in order to reveal the phylogenetic relationships within this group, especially using the sequential data from mitochondrial genes. Morphological characteristics commonly used in lizards were studied in connection with the ecology of the group. This thesis provides the first more detailed view of the phylogeny of the studied species. The results show that the genus Cyrtopodion, previously considered as monophyletic, in fact is not monophyletic as the genera Bunopus and Agamura represent its inner groups. Mediodactylus, the subgenus of Cyrtopodion, forms monophylum but is not closely related to the other members of the genus and so was reclassified as the independent genus. The enigmatic and yet so far very poorly studied genus Carinatogecko was discovered to be the...
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Phylogeny of selected genera of geckos in the Mediterranean and adjacent regions
Červenka, Jan ; Kratochvíl, Lukáš (advisor) ; Moravec, Jiří (referee) ; Gvoždík, Václav (referee)
Phylogeny of selected genera of geckos in the Mediterranean and adjacent regions Jan Červenka Ph.D. thesis Abstract This Ph.D. thesis is composed of three published articles and one manuscript, and is focused on the phylogenetic relationships of selected species of geckos from the Mediterranean and surrounding areas. The group of geckos of interest shares the common characteristic of an absence of adhesive lamellas on their toes. Historically, it was assumed that these species were closely related. Molecular-phylogenetic approaches were used in order to reveal the phylogenetic relationships within this group, especially using the sequential data from mitochondrial genes. Morphological characteristics commonly used in lizards were studied in connection with the ecology of the group. This thesis provides the first more detailed view of the phylogeny of the studied species. The results show that the genus Cyrtopodion, previously considered as monophyletic, in fact is not monophyletic as the genera Bunopus and Agamura represent its inner groups. Mediodactylus, the subgenus of Cyrtopodion, forms monophylum but is not closely related to the other members of the genus and so was reclassified as the independent genus. The enigmatic and yet so far very poorly studied genus Carinatogecko was discovered to be the...
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Genetická a morfologická variabilita skupiny \kur{Melampyrum nemorosum}
DRAHNÍK, Petr
Melampyrum nemorosum agg. is very complicated group of hemiparasitic plants. According to the traditional concept, 15 species is distinguished. Recent molecular analyses show a need of critical taxonomic revision of group and a potential importance of ancient hybridization. Analysis of 3 regions of cpDNA (trnTUGU-trnLUAA, psbA-trnHGUG, rpl32-trnLUAG) and 2 regions of nuclear DNA (Agt1 and At103) reveals well supported lineage with limited geographical distribution. Morphology and genome size of genetically supported lineages were compared.
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Genetická a morfologická variabilita skupiny \kur{Melampyrum nemorosum}
DRAHNÍK, Petr
Melampyrum nemorosum agg. is very complicated group of hemiparasitic plants. According to the traditional concept, 15 species is distinguished. Recent molecular analyses show a need of critical taxonomic revision of group and a potential importance of ancient hybridization. Analysis of 3 regions of cpDNA (trnTUGU-trnLUAA, psbA-trnHGUG, rpl32-trnLUAG) and 2 regions of nuclear DNA (Agt1 and At103) reveals well supported lineage with limited geographical distribution. Morphology and genome size of genetically supported lineages were compared.
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